Experiences of the Migrant Farmworkers during the Syndemic Due to COVID-19 in Spain

The present article addresses the COVID-19 syndemic, that is, the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with other diseases that interact and are determined by patterns of social inequality. The living and working conditions of migrant farmworkers increases the transmission of COVID-19. Descriptions of the experiences of migrant farmworkers provided by the professionals from different organizations that tend to them allowed the authors to discover the syndical nature of COVID-19. This study is based on qualitative descriptive research. Seventeen workers from different organizations participated in the study, through in-depth interviews between January and June 2022. A thematic analysis was performed to analyze the qualitative data. Two main themes emerged: Non-compliance with the collective labor agreement, and non-compliance with workplace health and safety standards. The results suggest that the adverse living and working conditions of the migrant farmworkers increased their risk of COVID-19 infection, due to the lack of compliance with the health measures decreed. The vulnerability experienced by migrant farmworkers increased work conflicts and prompted their mobilization to fight for their rights. © 2023 by the authors.

Pneumomediastinum as a complication of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia

The incidence of pneumomediastinum in hospitalised patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia is by no means negligible, much higher compared to the general population. The pathophysiology of pneumomediastinum in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia is explained by the increase in alveolar-interstitial pressure gradient (dry coughing spells, respiratory work, barotrauma from ventilatory support) in the context of particularly "fragile" lungs due to diffuse alveolar-interstitial damage from infectious-inflammatory origin, all of which significantly increases the risk of alveolar wall rupture. The more severe the SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, the more likely it is that pneumomediastinum will occur. The development of pneumomediastinum in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia is associated with higher frequencies of death, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and tracheostomy and longer hospital and ICU lengths of stay. In most cases, pneumomediastinum in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia is a benign and self-limiting process that resolves with conservative treatment. © 2022 Sociedad Madrinela de Neumologia y Cirugia Toracica. All rights reserved.

RECUPERACIÓN LABORAL FUERA DEL TRABAJO: UNA REVISIÓN PARAGUAS DE REVISIONES SISTEMÁTICAS Y METAANÁLISIS

Work is a fundamental condition of human life, but it can become dysfunctional because in certain situations it may lead to undesirable and harmful consequences. The aim of this study is to shed light and provide evidence on the results of the systematic reviews carried out to date. [...]it was conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on work recovery outside working hours. The content analysis of the selected papers enabled us to identify different approaches to the study of external work recovery: (a) time period;(b) work characteristics;(c) recovery experiences;(d) recovery activities;(e) processes that hinder effective recovery;and (f) variables proxy to the recovery process. Furthermore, no research has made special reference to the COVID-19 pandemic in work recovery, nor to the potential influence of new emerging work realities such as teleworking or co-working.

Clinical identification and severity in patients with COVID-19

The clinical evaluation of the patient with COVID-19 allows better care, application of safety criteria and preventive measures. The disease progresses from mild to severe and critical. In this work, is evaluated in patients with COVID-19 clinical format to identify moderate to severe stages of the disease. Following a cohort of male and female patients over 18 years of age admitted to the Infectology Service of the General Hospital of Mexico. Each patient is studied using the"COVID-19 Infectology"clinical format and in the first 24 hours of admission, a real-time RT-PCR molecular test is performed for SARS-CoV-2 infection. 65 patients classified as severe COVID-19 were studied, the RT-PCR was positive in 60 patients and negative in 5, clinical data did not differ from the positive ones and the 5 negative were considered false negative cases of the molecular test. There were no differences between positives and negatives with Fisher's test, and no difference in age, comorbidities, or prognostic evaluation with Student's t test. The conclusion is that the clinical format"COVID-19 Infectology"allows to recognize the cases and identify those that are in a severe evolution.Copyright /© 2021 Sociedad Medica del Hospital General de Mexico. Published by Permanyer.

[SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after booster vaccination. Identification of subgroups with poor response]. / Anticuerpos contra el SARS-CoV-2 tras la dosis de vacuna de recuerdo. Identificación de subgrupos con respuesta insuficiente.

Objective: To determine which patients within the high-risk group are most likely to have insufficient post-vaccination immunity. Methods: Determination of IgG titers against SARS-CoV-2 after the booster dose. Vaccine response was categorized as negative (IgG titers < 34 BAU/ml), indeterminate (titers 34 - 259 BAU/ml) or positive (≥ 260 BAU/ml). Results: 765 patients were included (31.25% of those vaccinated). 54 (7.1%) on treatment with biologics, 90 (11.8%) with hematologic disease, 299 (39.1%) with oncologic pathology, 304 (39.7%) with solid organ transplant and 18 (2.4%) with immunosuppression for other reasons. 74 patients (9.7%) had negative serology and 45 (5.9%) had indeterminate titers. By diagnostic group, the patients with the highest proportion of negative or indeterminate serology were patients with biologic treatment (55.6%, mainly at expense of antiCD20), hematologic (35.4%) and transplant patients (17.8%, mainly lung and kidney). Oncology and other immunosuppressed patients had a favorable response to vaccination. Conclusion: Patients treated with antiCD20 drugs, hematologic patients and transplanted patients (mainly lung and kidney) have a higher risk of not achieving post-vaccination immunity. It is essential to identify them in order to individualize and optimize their management.

Gender-Based Violence in Women's Labor Relations in Mexico

The economic crisis caused by the pandemic due to the virus that produces the disease called COVID19 has caused unemployment to affect people who had some work activity, whether in stores, offices, cab drivers, or official agencies, among others. This global situation caused health authorities to order the closure of workplaces, negatively impacting employment and working conditions in Latin America and the Caribbean, causing a setback of more than a decade in progress achieved in labor participation. Furthermore, it is assumed that inequality and discrimination against women in the economy and the labor context in this confinement stage due to the pandemic generated by the SARSCoV-2 virus have impacted gender violence against women in Mexico.

[Association of neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet ratio with acute kidney injury in sepsis]

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequent in sepsis (25 to 51%), with high mortality (40 to 80%) and long-term complications. Despite its importance we do not have accessible markers in intensive care. In other entities (post-surgical and COVID-19) the neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet (N/LP) ratio has been associated with acute kidney injury;however, this relationship has not been studied in a pathology with a severe inflammatory response such as sepsis. Objective: To demonstrate the association between N/LP with AKI secondary to sepsis in intensive care. Material and methods: Ambispective cohort study in patients over 18 years who were admitted to intensive care with a diagnosis of sepsis. The N/LP ratio was calculated from admission up to the seventh day and up to the diagnosis of AKI and outcome. Statistical analysis was performed with chi squared test, Cramer's V and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Out of the 239 patients studied, the incidence of AKI developed in 70%. 80.9% of patients with N/LP ratio > 3 had AKI (p < 0.0001, Cramer's V 0.458, OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.602-5.8) and increased renal replacement therapy (21.1 vs. 11.1%, p = 0.043). Conclusion: N/LP ratio > 3 has a moderate association with AKI secondary to sepsis in the intensive care unit. Copyright © 2023 Revista Medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.

SARS-COV-2 antibodies after booster vaccination. Identification of subgroups with poor response Anticuerpos contra el SARS-COV-2 tras la dosis de vacuna de recuerdo. Identificación de subgrupos con respuesta insuficiente

Objective To determine which patients within the high-risk group are most likely to have insufficient post-vaccination immunity. Methods Determination of IgG titers against SARS-CoV-2 after the booster dose. Vaccine response was categorized as negative (IgG titers < 34 BAU/ml), indeterminate (titers 34–259 BAU/ml) or positive (≥260 BAU/ml). Results 765 patients were included (31.25% of those vaccinated). 54 (7.1%) on treatment with biologics, 90 (11.8%) with hematologic disease, 299 (39.1%) with oncologic pathology, 304 (39.7%) with solid organ transplant and 18 (2.4%) with immunosuppression for other reasons. 74 patients (9.7%) had negative serology and 45 (5.9%) had indeterminate titers. By diagnostic group, the patients with the highest proportion of negative or indeterminate serology were patients with biologic treatment (55.6%, mainly at expense of antiCD20), hematologic (35.4%) and transplant patients (17.8%, mainly lung and kidney). Oncology and other immunosuppressed patients had a favorable response to vaccination. Conclusion Patients treated with antiCD20 drugs, hematologic patients and transplanted patients (mainly lung and kidney) have a higher risk of not achieving post-vaccination immunity. It is essential to identify them in order to individualize and optimize their management.

Recovery from Work: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis

Work is a fundamental condition of human life, but it can become dysfunctional because in certain situations it may lead to undesirable and harmful consequences. In this context, recovery from work (recovery) is conceived as a counterpoint to the straining processes to which the employee is exposed in the workplace. Among the different recovery strategies adopted by workers, those carried out outside working hours are especially relevant. Scientific interest in this filed is evidenced by the publication of numerous systematic reviews in recent years. The aim of this study is to shed light and provide evidence on the results of the systematic reviews carried out to date. Thus, it was conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on work recovery outside working hours. To this end, a systematic search of potentially relevant documents was implemented in six databases, both thematic and multidisciplinary. Eight systematic reviews and meta-analyses that met the established inclusion criteria were retrieved. The content analysis of the selected papers enabled us to identify different approaches to the study of external work recovery: (a) time period;(b) work characteristics;(c) recovery experiences;(d) recovery activities;(e) processes that hinder effective recovery;and (f) variables proxy to the recovery process. Likewise, the main considered substantive occupational and psychosocial variables were systematized. It is discussed the scarce attention paid in the reviewed studies to possible cultural differences that could potentially influence the recovery process. Furthermore, no research has made special reference to the COVID-19 pandemic in work recovery, nor to the potential influence of new emerging work realities such as teleworking or co-working.

Educational Challenges and Motivational Orientations in College Students from the Health Sciences Department during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Online classes have become one of the main teaching methods in higher education during the pandemic, which has forced students to adapt themselves to keep their motivation in the face of different educational challenges that have not been fully resolved. The objective of the study was to describe the educational challenges and motivational orientations of college nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through a descriptive type design, the researchers applied a standardized questionnaire to 300 Mexican university students. As the main discoveries, it was found that students mostly face technological challenges, followed by socio -affective ones. However, the motivational orientation towards learning predominates among students, where the educational context is a determinant of the teaching-learning process. Hence, the authors concluded that motivation (learning orientation) favors learning and acts as an essential intermediary during online learning. Moreover, the transfer from face-to-face education to online teaching has complicated the processes of integration and adaptation for students. The former occurs while educational challenges have become more acute in a pandemic context, and where technological and socio-affective categories represent the elements students must face. Therefore, the researchers recommend a correlational study to provide a better understanding of the possible relationship between the two studied variables. In addition, in the future, different qualitative methods could be used to further explore the meaning of different motivational orientations in online educational environments under different conditions.

Training for innnovative teaching online with SPOC: expectations and results

This article collects the experience and evaluation of the first two editions (2020 and 2021) of an innovative open networked learning project for teacher training that emerged in the context of Covid-19: a continuing education course on innovative networked teaching, SPOC format (#Dienlinea), organized as part of the strategy and social function of a Spanish public university, the International University of Andalusia (UNIA).As a quantitative and descriptive research, we analyze, through surveys, on the one hand, initial expectations and motivation and, on the other hand, the evaluation of the experience by its participants, while the results of the completion rate are collected as a complement. With all this, we present the main strengths and aspects that can be improved in the teaching-learning experience, thus contributing to the transfer of good practices and improvement of future activities.

SARS-COV-2 antibodies after booster vaccination. Identification of subgroups with poor response.

OBJECTIVE: To determine which patients within the high-risk group are most likely to have insufficient post-vaccination immunity. METHODS: Determination of IgG titers against SARS-CoV-2 after the booster dose. Vaccine response was categorized as negative (IgG titers < 34 BAU/ml), indeterminate (titers 34-259 BAU/ml) or positive (≥260 BAU/ml). RESULTS: 765 patients were included (31.25% of those vaccinated). 54 (7.1%) on treatment with biologics, 90 (11.8%) with hematologic disease, 299 (39.1%) with oncologic pathology, 304 (39.7%) with solid organ transplant and 18 (2.4%) with immunosuppression for other reasons. 74 patients (9.7%) had negative serology and 45 (5.9%) had indeterminate titers. By diagnostic group, the patients with the highest proportion of negative or indeterminate serology were patients with biologic treatment (55.6%, mainly at expense of antiCD20), hematologic (35.4%) and transplant patients (17.8%, mainly lung and kidney). Oncology and other immunosuppressed patients had a favorable response to vaccination. CONCLUSION: Patients treated with antiCD20 drugs, hematologic patients and transplanted patients (mainly lung and kidney) have a higher risk of not achieving post-vaccination immunity. It is essential to identify them in order to individualize and optimize their management.

Study of Latin American consumption of local fruit and vegetables "0 Km”

Horticulture, with its different disciplines (Horticulture/Olericulture, Fruit-growing, Aromatic-Medicinal and Floriculture), has become more relevant, since the Covid-19 pandemic, with a greater appreciation of products from short chains. The objective was to evaluate the degree of knowledge, behavior and preferences of Latin American consumers, regarding the safety, quality and origin of local fruits and vegetables (F&H) produced and consumed within a radius of no more than 100 km, differentiated with the "Km 0” logo. An online survey was generated (GoogleForms): Study on the Latin American production and consumption of "Km 0" fruits and vegetables, within the framework of inter-institutional links (UNCPBA, UNMDP, UNSL, UCA and INTA CERBAS Area, from Argentina;UdelaR, Uruguay;UNAL and UniSalle, Colombia;BUAP, Mexico;UFRRJ, Brazil), from 03/09/2022 to 07/12/2022. The main topics were: Degree of knowledge of the F&H category "Km 0”;Perceived benefits;Predisposition to consume and acquire them;Degree of evaluation of the "Km 0” labelling;and dissemination campaigns;Places of purchase and changes since the pandemic;Valuation of having lists of local producers of F&H "Km 0”;Knowledge of the place of production of the F&H and assessment of the promotion of local productions;Knowledge of GAP;Acquired food and Assessment of the origin of F&H consumed. The surveys answered were 1127. Ignorance of the "Km 0” category was detected (60%), low consumption of F&H (17% consume 5 ≥ portions/day) although there is a high assessment of F&H in the diet (80%). The need for permanent training and dissemination, of the production and consumption of safe and quality F&H, in quantity and diversity, was evidenced. The pandemic was a turning point from which consumers became aware of the importance of the origin of the products consumed, preferring local F&H. © 2022, Asociacion Argentina de Horticultura - ASAHO. All rights reserved.

Epidemiological profile of SARS-COV-2 infection in pediatrics.

Objective: To describe the epidemiological and clinical profile of pediatric patients who were treated for suspected COVID-19 infecion, between March and October 2020, at the Hospital Universitario San Ignacio (HUSI), in Bogota, Colombia. Material(s) and Method(s): Cross-sectional design. Description of patients aged 1 month to 1 day before their 18th birthday, assessed between March and October 2020, who were approached by any pediatric care service of a university hospital for suspected COVID-infection. 19, according to current national and institutional protocols. Demographic variables and the reason for consultation of all individuals with suspected infection were recorded. Only when SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed were variables related to clinical aspects of the disease and its evolution recorded. Result(s): 920 medical records of pediatric patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection were evaluated, of which there were 157 confirmed cases with COVID-19 infection. The main reason for consultation to suspect infection was fever in 50% of the cases. In patients with virological confirmation, 32.48% of the cases attended required hospital management. MIS-C was suspected in 5 patients who required intensive care unit management. In the evaluated period, there were no deaths associated with COVID-19 infection. Conclusion(s): SARS-CoV-2 infection is related in most cases to a spectrum of mild disease in the pediatric population. This study may be larger than pediatric patients presenting with gastrointestinal rather than respiratory symptoms, and the frequency of renal complications should be taken into account in patients in whom the systemic inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 is suspected.Copyright © 2023 Asociacion Colombiana de Infectologia. All rights reserved.

Clinical profile of hospitalized spanish patients allergic to antibiotics

Background: Only between 1% and 10% of patients labelled of penicillin allergy are allergic. The negative events associated with this condition include risk of antimicrobial treatment failure, antimicrobial resistance, side-effects from use of a broader spectrum antibiotic, and increased healthcare costs. Our objective was to know the clinical profile of hospitalized allergic patients to estimate the future need for an allergy study. Method(s): We collected data from 15 Spanish hospitals about hospitalized patients labelled as allergic to antibiotics in February 2020 and October 2020 (one-month sample) outside the peak of the Covid-19 pandemic. Result(s): 620 patients were collected, 59% women. Mean age 70.6 years (3-103). 416 patients were labelled as allergic to beta-lactams (105 aminopenicillins, 18 cephalosporins, 4 carbapenems). 41 to aminoglycosides, 26 to macrolides, 55 to quinolones and 4 to glycopeptides. The causes of hospitalization were: Respiratory infection 221 (35.6%), abdominal infection 95 (15.3%), orthopaedic surgery 58 (9.4%), urine infections 57 (9.2%), skin infections 51 (8.2%), gynaecological/ obstetric pathology 21 (3.4%) Only 163 patients (26%) had previously received a clinical allergy work-up. 70 confirmed allergy to antibiotics, however the rest 93 (74%) were not delabelled. Patients received alone or combined alternative antibiotics: 79 glycopeptides, 49 aminoglycosides, 28 macrolides, 254 quinolones, 205 beta-lactams (102 cephalosporins, 41 carbapenems and 57 aminopenicillins). 74 patients (12%) would need an immediate allergic study in order to receive first-line antibiotic, but it was only really done in 38 (6.1%). The studied antibiotics were: 15 carbapenems, 10 ceftriaxone, and others not specified. Of the 416 patients labeled as allergic to beta-lactams, 150 (36%) received beta-lactam antibiotics despite the warning in their clinical reports. Conclusion(s): Allergy to beta-lactams remains the most frequent diagnosis of allergy to antibiotics and implies treatment with second-line antibiotics. Respiratory, trauma, digestive and urinary infections are the main causes of the use of antibiotics in hospitalized patients. The underlying diseases could be a risk factor for antibiotic requirements. Some patients received beta-Lactams despite the alert with a potential risk of an allergic reaction and legal implications. The promptly allergological study would imply an improvement in the use of more specific antibiotics with a good level of security.

KIR2DL2/C1: A potential predictive immunogenetic marker to COVID-19 severity in Spanish patients

COVID-19 has aspects on its pathogenesis that still need elucidating and an analysis of clinical and immunogenetic factors in each cohort of patients is paramount to understanding how genetic variability can explain the multiple clinical spectra seen in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was to correlate the KIR polymorphism/HLA class I ligand interactions from patients and healthy subjects with either the susceptibility or severity to COVID-19. Genotyping of HLA-A, -B, -C and KIR genes were carried out from 459 symptomatic as well as 667 non-infected Spanish Caucasian individuals using Lifecodes HLA-SSO and KIR-SSO kits (ImmucorTM, USA) and analyzed in the Luminex in this uni-centre case-control study performed at the University Hospital of Salamanca, Spain. Comparative KIR gene analysis showed that KIR2DS4 was significantly more representative in healthy versus infected individuals. When comparing subgroups of infected patients, KIR2DS3 had a higher frequency in those who progressed to a more severity disease and yet with higher mortality rate. Three functional combinations were significant on univariate analysis: KIR2DL2/C1, KIR2DS2/C1, and KIR2DS3/C1. However, in the multivariate analysis, only the KIR2DL2/C1 interaction remained significant (OR = 15.2 (95% CI 1.5-147), p = 0.0189). Compared with the solo-clinical characteristics predictive model, that included well-known comorbidity variables such as hypertension, age, sex, diabetes, C-reactive protein, dyslipidemia, smoking, ferritin, and fibrinogen, the clinical-and-KIR-based model showed a better ability to discriminate between severe and nonsevere patients with higher sensitivity and specificity. Our results support a fundamental role of KIR/ligand interaction in the clinical course of COVID-19. Since the KIR2DL2 gene has a high frequency in Spain (60%), the analysis of the KIR2DL2/C1 in symptomatic patients who require hospitalization could be helpful to better determine their prognosis.

Acute exantematic pustulosis generalized by meropenem, differential diagnosis with COVID

Case report We present the case of a 63-year- old man with two consecutive admissions, due to COVID19 infection and subsequent bacterial superinfection. Three days after the second admission (04/28), and 43 days from the beginning of the infection an assessment by dermatology and allergology is then requested. The patient had generalized erythematous maculopapular rash in the trunk, back, groin and limbs. On the left side and back, pustular lesions not focused on follicles were also added, with a fever of 37.7degreeC. There were no oral and genital lesions. No psoriasis. The drugs used during the present and previous admissions were reviewed. Previous admission (04/04-22/ 20): Linezolid, ciprofloxacin, meropenem 04/13-22, piperacillin/tazobactam, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, ceftriaxone. Upon discharge amoxicillin/acid clavulanic. Present admission (04/25) Cutaneous reaction 04/28. 04/25: meropenem, paracetamol, enoxaparin, insulin, omeprazole, venlafaxine. 04/26: Darbepoetin, furosemide, mycophenolate in single dose. 04/27: Linezolid, macrogol, Clopidogrel, Magnesium, Calcitriol. Medical records: DM type 2, liver transplantation due to HCV cirrhosis, HCV recurrence, uninodular hepatocarcinoma, advanced CKD, secondary hyperparathyroidism, multiple neurological antecedents. We performed a detailed study. We hypothesized with a pharmagological/ drug reaction with several drugs possibly involved and our main suspicion was an allergic reaction to beta-lactams. Biopsy: Subcorneal pustules, basal spongiosis and presence in the superficial dermis of edema and an inflammatory infiltrate with abundant neutrophils. No fungi. Findings compatible with clinical diagnosis of generalized acute exanthematic pustulosis (PEGA). Immunohistochemical study Covid19. (Jimenez Diaz Foundation) Finely granular positivity in endothelium and more coarse in sweaty epithelium. Neutrophilic superficial inflammatory component with presumably spure staining. ACe-2 (positive external control) is not detected. The patient presents a EuroSCAR score of 9, sum of the clinic and the pathological anatomy, and therefore defined diagnosis. Clinical diagnosis: PEGA secondary to meropenem. Conclusion(s): We present the case of a PEGA by meropenem, not very often described in the literature. We highlight the importance of differential diagnosis with viral infections. Skin tests, especially epicutaneous tests, are key to the diagnosis. (Figure Presented).

Multidisciplinary approach of the sequelae one month after hospital discharge in patients with severe bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia, are there differences depending on the respiratory therapy used during admission to intensive care?

OBJECTIVE: To describe the sequelae one month after hospital discharge in patients who required admission to Intensive Care for severe COVID 19 pneumonia and to analyze the differences between those who received therapy exclusively with high-flow oxygen therapy compared to those who required invasive mechanical ventilation. DESIGN: Cohort, prospective and observational study. SETTING: Post-intensive care multidisciplinary program. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Patients who survived admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) for severe COVID 19 pneumonia from April 2020 to October 2021. INTERVENTIONS: Inclusion in the post-ICU multidisciplinary program. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: Motor, sensory, psychological/psychiatric, respiratory and nutritional sequelae after hospital admission. RESULTS: 104 patients were included. 48 patients received high-flow nasal oxygen therapy (ONAF) and 56 invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). The main sequelae found were distal neuropathy (33.9% IMV vs 10.4% ONAF); brachial plexopathy (10.7% IMV vs 0% ONAF); decrease in grip strength: right hand 20.67kg (±8.27) in VMI vs 31.8kg (±11.59) in ONAF and left hand 19.39kg (±8.45) in VMI vs 30.26kg (±12.74) in ONAF; and limited muscle balance in the lower limbs (28.6% VMI vs 8.6% ONAF). The differences observed between both groups did not reach statistical significance in the multivariable study. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained after the multivariate study suggest that there are no differences in the perceived physical sequelae one month after hospital discharge depending on the respiratory therapy used, whether it was high-flow nasal oxygen therapy or prolonged mechanical ventilation, although more studies are needed to be able to draw conclusions.

The Moncloa in Twitter: A quantitative analysis in the post-COVID era

Introduction: The end of the acute phase of the pandemic, begins a return to normality in coexistence with the Coronavirus. Thus, a period of transition and social, political and economic uncertainty begins that, for WHO and WEF, could imply a global reset from more balanced principles. The objective of this work is to identify the keys that mark the relational behavior of the Government of Spain on Twitter from its official account @DesdelaMoncloa, in relation to these principles and the interests of the population. Methodology: Multivariate quantitative analysis (content analysis) is performed in SPSS SPSS (Krippendorff alpha coefficient = 0.867) over a corpus of 2735 tweets issued between April 1, 2021 and March 30, 2022. Results: The results show a higher prevalence of content with an institutional and economic character, the use of a formal/solemn language, and regularity in broadcast frequency by date and time (Jordan, 2017, Acebes and Montanera, 2019). Discussion and conclusions: Twitter is consolidated as a powerful relationship management tool in the institutional field (Marcos-García, 2021, Castillo-Esparcia et al., 2020a) aimed at building trust in public opinion (Greenhill, 2020, Hucker, 2020), but it is observed: A) a significant mismatch between the themes of the messages issued and the interests of the population in this period of transition and, b) consolidates the theses that highlight an institutional underutilization of its interactive potential (Rivas-de-Roca et al., 2021). © 2023, University of La Laguna. All rights reserved.